Featuring Dr. David Gross, MD, DLFAPA of The Center for Treatment of Anxiety and Mood Disorders
Over 40 million people in the US have an anxiety disorder. This is a common condition, and fortunately, one that can be managed with the help of a mental health care provider. In this Ask the Expert, Dr. David Gross, a board-certified psychiatrist, Medical Director at The Center for Treatment of Anxiety and Mood Disorders, and Co-founder of The Children’s Center for Psychiatry, Psychology, & Related Services in Delray Beach, Florida; addresses questions that his patients often have about anxiety.
Q: Is anxiety a normal emotion?
Dr. Gross: Yes, anxiety is a normal and healthy emotion. It’s part of the body’s natural response to stress or danger and can help us stay alert or prepare for challenges. However, when anxiety becomes overwhelming, persistent, or interferes with daily life, it may be part of an anxiety disorder.
Q: How can I tell if my anxiety is a problem and needs attention?
Dr. Gross: If anxiety is interfering with your ability to work, maintain relationships, or care for yourself; or if it feels difficult to control, it’s time to seek help. Signs may include:
- Constant worry
- Trouble sleeping
- Irritability
- Physical symptoms like a racing heart
- Avoiding situations due to fear
Q: Who should I consult to address problematic anxiety?
Dr. Gross: Start by talking to a primary care provider who can rule out medical causes and refer you to a therapist or psychiatrist. Therapists offer evidence-based talk therapy, such as CBT, while psychiatrists can provide diagnoses and prescribe medications when appropriate.
Q: Can medical conditions cause anxiety?
Dr. Gross: Yes, several medical factors can cause or worsen anxiety. These include an overactive thyroid, low blood sugar, mitral valve prolapse, and certain medications like bronchodilators for asthma. Some lifestyle choices, like excessive caffeine intake, can also contribute to anxiety. That’s why a thorough medical evaluation is often a key part of diagnosis.
Q: What treatments are helpful for anxiety?
Dr. Gross: Effective treatments include cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), mindfulness-based approaches, lifestyle changes, and, in some cases, medication. SSRIs and SNRIs are commonly prescribed for anxiety.
Q: What are the guidelines for using tranquilizers like Xanax or Valium?
Dr. Gross: Benzodiazepines (e.g., Xanax, Valium) can offer short-term relief for severe anxiety, but are generally not recommended for long-term use due to the risk of dependence and withdrawal. They are usually used briefly, while other longer-term treatments are established.
Q: Can anxiety be helpful?
Dr. Gross: In small doses, yes. Anxiety can motivate preparation, improve focus, and help avoid danger. This is known as adaptive anxiety. The goal in treatment isn’t to eliminate anxiety entirely, but to manage it so it doesn’t control your life.
Q: Do anxiety disorders run in families?
Dr. Gross: Yes, anxiety can have a genetic component. If a close family member has an anxiety disorder, your risk may be higher. However, genetics are just one factor: environment, life experiences, and personality traits also play important roles.
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